China vs. USA. The Quest for Global Supremacy Research Paper

China versus USA. The Quest for Global Supremacy - Research Paper Example The Euro zone has become the most reduced positioned business entertainers after seriously influenced districts in Africa. Despite the fact that the United States has kept up its money related predominance, the strength of this specific district isn't steady. With a fluctuating budgetary diagram, the United States doesn't have control of the worldwide business showcase. This leaves the top spot to up and coming business center points. Asia and Middle East have nations with the quickest developing economies. With political unsteadiness making the Middle East a poor speculation territory, Asia remains the main area with the capacity of guaranteeing the seat in issues of business and money related achievement. One nation that has fundamentally improved its business capacities is the Republic of China. This paper will concentrate on the incomparability fights between the United States and China. The paper will likewise give a point of view on which nation has the most elevated likelihood of securing the top spot over the long haul. A point of view on the speculation of the two countries shows the distinction between their systems. In China venture openings are acquired from all countries over the globe. Despite their money related position China has put resources into numerous nations in all landmasses. As per Swedroe, China has put resources into 30 percent of the considerable number of nations in Africa (standard, 4). This implies China hopes to exploit the assets that Africa can bring to the worldwide market. This boost of the assets in Africa has raised the economy of China by around 10 percent (Lash, standard 7). The circumstance is diverse with regards to the United States. The United States puts together its speculation with respect to the capacity of the nation to take care of in specific conditions. Much of the time the United States hits manage state government as opposed to wandering into private venture. The private venture China embraces empowers the nation to contract with other privately owned bu sinesses who are needing

Titanics silence Essay Example For Students

Titanics quiet Essay Gerald: And, imagine a scenario in which he does know? Mr Birling: Then well need to think rapidly, wont we? There is quietness for two or three minutes. They are on the whole hanging tight for a thump at the door. Mrs Birling: When the Inspector shows up this time, Im going to approach him for some evidence of character. I dont need to be gotten off my watchman like I was last time. Mr Birling: Yes, we should. As I said previously, if any of this gets out, we will all be demolished. You know, I figure I will utilize my impact and get us a room on the Titanic, which cruises in July. We have to escape from this and have the option to blend in with individuals of value instead of the individuals round here. I am anxious about the possibility that that a portion of their propensities may have come off on a few of us. We will compose a custom paper on Titanics quiet explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now He takes a gander at Gerald. Mrs Birling: Id like that. Gerald: Would I have the option to come also? I have to invest some energy alone with Sheila. Mr Birling: Then its settled. Well all sail on the Titanic. We can put in half a month in America and return when the entirety of this has blown over. It will be as though nothing He is hindered by a thump at the entryway. Every one of the three trade stressed looks and get up to go to the door. Inspector: Hello! My name is Inspector Goole. Everybody looks shocked And Ive just showed up in Brumley from Scotland Yard. Ive been conversing with Miss Birling and Eric here. Sheila and Eric show up behind the Inspector taking a gander at the others. Sheila sees Mr Birling who has a dangerous look in his eyes. Examiner: I accept they are your children. Mr Birling: They are. Inspector: Good. I have come to ask you a couple of inquiries. A young lady kicked the bucket in the Infirmary about an hour back. She had gulped disinfectant and passed on a frightful demise. From what I heard, I accept that you knew her? Mr Birling: What was her name? Inspector: Eva Smith. The blind falls with everyone remaining in the corridor taking a gander at one another with confounded articulations, not comprehending what to think about the Inspectors remarks. Explanation I decided to compose this scene in the play since I needed to attempt to clarify how the Birlings attempted to work out what the Inspector had said to them. At the beginning of the scene both Erics and Sheilas tempers are extended due to how their folks and Gerald have been attempting to excuse the Inspectors visit and what they had done to Eva. Mr Birling is confounded about where the overseer originated from and why. He overlooks this since he is upbeat that there wont be outrage about the undertaking. He talks in a quiet yet carefree voice. I have included Eric presenting himself with the beverages since I need to show that he despite everything tends to drink too much yet that he is attempting to stop. When Eric and Sheila go out after Sheila has simply said, I dont care about any of that any more! neither Eric nor Sheila can proceed with the possibility that they should mislead the Inspector about what they have done. Now Sheila is practically crying and pummels the entryway as she leaves. Eric is on edge and stressed for his sister so he exits smoothly yet rapidly so he can find her. When they have left, the other three attempt to overlook what has occurred and what Eric and Sheila said. Every one of them talks smoothly however is somewhat uncertain on the grounds that they dont realize what Eric and Sheila will do. After Mr Birling has said, Then well need to think rapidly, wont we? there is a long respite. I have placed this in to show that the are for the most part hanging tight for the Inspector who they realize will show up very soon. None of them comprehend what to state. At the point when they do talk, they talk discreetly and slowly. When the Inspector at last shows up, they all stroll to the front entryway. They dont send Edna on the grounds that they dont need her to get some answers concerning what they have done. .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .postImageUrl , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:hover , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:visited , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:active { border:0!important; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:active , .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:hover { haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud1445c289b47aaa8 3e8f3aef03054382 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud1445c289b47aaa83e8f3aef03054382:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Much Ado About Nothing †Links among Beatrice and Benedick’s relationship and Shakespeare’s Sonnets EssayMr Birling opens the entryway gradually, uneasy of what he will discover. All through this part Mr Birling is attempting to talk tranquilly however doesnt deal with this well overall. He is stunned when the Inspector reveals to him that his name is Inspector Goole in light of the fact that he realizes that Goole was the name of the last Inspector. At the point when he sees Sheila and Eric behind the Inspector he turns out to be furious. He inclines facing the entryway for help and his hands begin to shake. His voice out of nowhere gets cold and wanton and he gazes directly at the examiner. His discourse has eased back down and he is by all accounts explaining the words to himself in his psyche. Behind him, both Gerald and Mrs Birling are too stunned to even consider speaking. Gerald is concerned that this won't just ruin the two his dad and Mr Birlings organizations however it will imply that he won't have the option to wed Sheila. Mrs Birling gazes straight ahead when she hears that her kids have deceived her. She doesnt show any feeling and the main signs that show that she is stressed are that she appears to seize up when she hears the Inspectors name and the name of the young lady that died. From the beginning of the scene until when the Inspector calls, the activity happens in the lounge area. The spots where the characters are in this room are outlined underneath. Eric is remaining close to the beverages since he needs to continue having a beverage yet is by all accounts attempting to stop himself. Eric and Sheila are sitting close to one another in light of the fact that Gerald is attempting to make up with Sheila despite the fact that Sheila doesnt need to. Mr Birling is sitting at the leader of the table since he despite everything needs to show himself as the leader of the family unit. Mrs Birling is sitting close to him since she needs to be with her husband. There is an entryway from this room driving into the corridor. This is portrayed beneath with the characters set apart in their positions.

Cloud Server Hosting for Blogs - Overkill or Solid Investment

Cloud Server Hosting for Blogs - Overkill or Solid Investment Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Cloud Server Hosting for Blogs Overkill or Solid Investment?Updated On 30/08/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Web HostingShort URL : https://hbb.me/2vHtq9P CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogCloud server hosting is known for a number of good things. It is also quite popular at present. Many cloud providers market their cloud services as excellent solutions for reliable and fast hosting. When it comes to your blogs, should you use a cloud server or is it just an unnecessary switch (from traditional to the cloud) or an added expense? For a structured discussion, this question will be answered by presenting the following series of related questions.What advantages and disadvantages does cloud server hosting have for blogs?Cloud server hosting or cloud computing in general carries with it several advantages and disadvantages. It can provide better stability and reliability , flexibility, and scalability. Because of the way cloud servers work, reliability and stability are somewhat assured. Generally, there will only be extremely minimal downtimes for your blog and your blog will be easy to access from anywhere around the world. It also provides the benefit of rapid deployment and faster page loading times. Additionally, it enables redundancy, which is basically the cloning of your blog on different environments to prevent and greatly reduce downtimes. There’s also flexibility because almost all software or technologies you use for your blog can be supported.When it comes to the disadvantages, cloud hosting is known for limited control. Depending on the cloud provider you chose, you may encounter the issue of having limited control over the execution and function of the hosting infrastructure. Many cloud companies have end user licensing agreements that set limitations on what you can do with your deployments. Some may even limit the control and mana gement of data, services, and applications.Moreover, cloud hosting also has its privacy and security issues. Notably, because of the nature of cloud hosting, your data can be potentially accessed from anywhere. That’s why you need to be proactive in protecting your data. Implement automated security through IT compliance controls. You have to ensure that you block data exfiltration. The identities of those allowed to access resources and services should be authenticated. There’s also the need to diligently perform audits. Additionally, it’s important to integrate strategies for preventing and responding to security threats. If you are not keen on doing all of these, you may not want to use cloud hosting for your blog.Is cloud hosting cheaper or more expensive?Is cloud hosting cheaper or is it actually more expensive than conventional hosting for blogs? The answer to this question is a bit complex. It’s difficult to respond with a simple yes or no. While there are those who s ay that cloud servers are cheaper, the idea here is that using cloud servers is like renting a car. The cost per day of use/ownership is higher but since you don’t have to worry about matters like licensing, parking, and maintenance, it can be more cost-efficient depending on your use.Cloud hosting services can be flexibly priced so you only get to pay for what you use and switch to different hosting plans or packages as you deem fit. In this sense, cloud hosting can be regarded as a less expensive or more cost-efficient option. There are also companies that offer packages with prices comparable to those of traditional dedicated servers. However, as mentioned, whether or not cloud hosting is cheaper depends on the setup it is being used with. For those who just blindly decide to go for cloud hosting, it is unlikely to benefit from the supposed cost-efficiency. The cost advantage only works for those who closely manage and adjust their infrastructure and for those who carefully ana lyze and set their IT goals and make meticulous comparisons of the web hosting options available.READHOW TO: Find PHP Version Of Your Web ServerIs it difficult to switch to cloud server hosting?What are the challenges that may discourage you from using cloud server hosting? For one, you may not find cloud hosting easy to set up. Of course, it’s not something extremely difficult to do, but there’s the need to spend time and effort to get properly acquainted with it. This is not going to be an issue for large blogging networks that may their own IT team to competently handle everything. For ordinary bloggers who may not be that fond of the technical aspects of blogging, though, this could be a chore. Fortunately, there are cloud hosting service providers which can provide with you with simplistic control panels such as Vesta and cPanel. You just have to find one that offers something more familiar. Also, be sure to take advantage of customer support to guide you with the switch. W hat does your blog need that other web hosting solutions can’t give?This is a crucial question you need to contemplate on. Is your current web host not good enough? Can’t you get the things you expect to get from other cloud hosting from other traditional web hosts that may be cheaper and more familiar? Review the advantages of cloud hosting discussed earlier and evaluate if other hosting options can match them or offer something comparable or even better.What do you want to do with your blog?It’s important to be clear with what you want to achieve with your blog. Do you want to expand to an international audience? Are you trying to cater to a tremendous volume of traffic? What do you want to present on your blog? Are you focusing on a niche wherein you are targeting readers who are more likely to click on your ads/affiliate links or are you aiming for a broader audience and monetize through your page impressions? Basically, cloud hosting is most effective for handling high le vels of traffic and in making sites optimally accessible in different regions.Overkill or Solid Investment?So what’s the ultimate answer to the question in the title? It certainly not a definite yes or no. The answer depends largely on what your answers would be for the last two questions presented above. Yes, there are many advantages in cloud hosting, but there are also disadvantages. It’s not that difficult to switch to cloud hosting but it’s difficult to say if cloud hosting is indeed cheaper or more expensive. It can be said, though, that cloud hosting is a good investment if you are going to have a blog with high levels of traffic and is meant to reach readers from different regions. It’s good investment if you have a blog network and not just a couple of blogs you are trying to monetize.For a blog that is intended only for a small audience or niche, cloud hosting would be an overkill. Consider this: the known users of cloud hosting are the likes of NASDAQ, Airbnb, and Netflix. If your blog does not (or does not aim to) have as much as even a tenth of these sites’ traffic, you might find traditional dedicated hosting to be the better option.

Precious A Case Study Essay - 1660 Words

Precious: A Case Study Kristan Hughart Wilmington University Precious: A Case Study The move Precious (based on the novel â€Å"Push† written by Sapphire), depicts the life of a 16 year old girl named Claireece â€Å"Precious† Jones. The story is set in Harlem, NY in 1987. Precious has suffered severe abuse throughout her life by both of her parents. She has seemed to have slipped through the cracks of the system from family, the school system, child services, as well as the community as a whole. Her only saving grace is her strong will and her ability to disassociate herself and seek comfort in her own imaginary world. Precious’ abuse started as an infant when she was molested and raped by her father as her†¦show more content†¦Although it was not shown one could assume Precious has witnessed violence between her mother and father. Response of Multidisciplinary Team member I chose Precious’ teacher Ms. Rain as the multidisciplinary team member I would like to portray. Ms. Rain becomes more than a teacher to Precious. She represents the mother figure she so desperately wants to have, the sophisticated women she strives to become, and someone she can count on for once in her life. Ms. Rain responded to Precious’ low self-esteem by empowering her through learning. She taught her how to socialize with others by creating a classroom environment that required it. Ms. Rain becomes a trustworthy confidant through the journal writings which allow Precious to start to come to terms with the things that have to her. Ms. Rain becomes a protector for precious, she helps her when she has nowhere to go and protects her from having to go back to her abusive mother. Ms. Rain responds to Precious needs, however I feel as though she could have been more proactive. As a teacher with a focus on such a small group of g irls I would hope that I would have noticed and responded more aggressively to the red flags that were apparent. For example, why is this 16 year old girl illiterate? What is going on her family that has allowed this to happen? Why is Precious so obese? Does she have an eating disorder, if so what could be theShow MoreRelatedFilm Review Of Precious Knowledge : A Critical Review1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe film Precious Knowledge takes a deeper look into the defense and fall of the Ethnic Studies program within the Tucson Unified School District. During the standoff, as Arizona lawmakers bombarded the students and educators with threats and false claims. A major question surrounding the film is whether or not this program’s failure was preventable. Jeff Biggers approaches the situation from a politically centralized point of view, having written for The New York Times, The Nation, and The WashingtonRead MorePrecious1153 Words   |  5 PagesPrecious: A Case Study Use sociological concepts to make sense out of the life of 16 year old Clareece Precious Jones (an overweight, illiterate African-American teen in Harlem), as depicted in the 2009 film Precious. It’s based on the novel Push by Sapphire. Note: Precious (part 1) and Precious (part 2) are two separate assignments with different dues dates, even though both sections are presented in this single document. Please check the Course Calendar for the different due dates. PreciousRead MoreThe Movie `` Precious ``966 Words   |  4 Pages How often is it that you watch a movie and you feel uneasy or sad but the movie is actually a good movie; award winning good? Precious is one of the only movies that makes me feel that way no matter how many times I watch it. 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In these schemes, the asteroidsRead MoreEssay on Almazjuvelirexport Case Study995 Words   |  4 PagesCASE STUDY #1 FOR GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MGT-2248-330 PREPARED BY: ALEXANDRA SOKOLOVA PREPARED FOR: DAWID NEWING COMPANY NAME: â€Å"ALMAZJUVELIREXPORT† WWW.ALMAZ.RU COMPANY DESCRIPTION AND INFORMATION â€Å"ALMAZJUVELIREXPORT† stands for –â€Å"Almaz†(rough diamond) -â€Å"juvelir†(jeweler), and â€Å"export† is evidently clear. Company profile info: State-Owned Unitary Enterprise Foreign Trade Association v/o Almazjuvelirexport. 25 block 1, Zubovsky Boulevard, Moscow 119021, Russia. Tel.: (095) 245-3410Read MoreMaking Medicaid Available to People With Low Income1157 Words   |  5 Pagesscenario, in this case, might be an unmarried African-American 18 year old woman who is living in a slum area, is a high-school student, and is pregnant with her 2nd child. Her first child has Downs Syndrome. The scenario that I have in mind simulates that of the character called Precious featured by the movie of that same name. Preciouss children came by incest. She lived in Harlem and was abused by her drunken mother who lived on welfare too. Precious mother was unemployed and Precious collected welfareRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Obesity Essay1282 Words   |  6 Pagesactually effect our precious life? A. Evidence is piling up that excess consumption of food without proper control can lead to obesity. VII. I never thought much about the possible perils of obesity until I saw a recent news on obesity that is becoming worst in children especially. A. Malaysia has being the top of heavyweight people with 45.3% of it’s total population of 31.6 billion , followed with South Korea at 33.2%, Pakistan and China at 30.7% and 28.3% respectively, based on a study conducted by The

Analysis Of The Book Coretta The Story Of Coretta...

Summary of the Text: The biography of â€Å"Coretta: The Story of Coretta Scott King,† was the first biography made depicting Coretta’s life, goals, and success. The book was written by a close friend of hers whose name is Octavia Vivian. The story tells how Coretta, as a young woman, had grown up in Alabama. She later went to Antioch College, and later found out that she, as a colored young woman, would not be allowed to teach, mix, or mingle with the whites in the state of Ohio. She later explored a musical career in Boston where she was to meet her future husband Martin Luther King, Jr (Vivian). Coretta was born to her parents, whose names were Bernice McMurry and Obadiah Scott, and grew up and was raised on her parent’s farm located in Heiberger, Alabama. Since she grew up during the time and era of segregation, she, as a child, attended a one room school house and later graduated from Lincoln Normal School from a town close by called Marion, Alabama. Vivian also mentions that Coretta’s mother was a school bus driver for all the colored children to be able to attend that particular school (Vivian). Later in the 1940s, Coretta attended Antioch College, located in Yellow Springs, Ohio. She studied music education and sang in the school choirs and the local churches. In her senior year she went through the issue of not being able to teach since Yellow Springs would not allow her to interact and mix, as a colored woman and teacher, with the whites at their schools. HigherShow MoreRelatedRacism Is Not A Secret Against Black Men853 Words   |  4 Pagespresented by Curtis as a true representation of the African American experience and influence more schools to include the book in classroom reading selection. Christopher Paul Curtis was born in Flint, Michigan. He graduated from the University of Michigan. His first published book is The Watson’s Go to Birmingham-1963, receiving a Newbery Honor and Coretta Scott King Honor book citation in 1996. Curtis wrote as a refuge and found inspiration from his family and teachers. He and his wife agreedRead MoreWas King a Pan-Africanist? Martin Luther King and the African Liberation Movements3962 Words   |  16 PagesHist 101. 12/14/12 Was King a Pan-Africanist? Martin Luther King Jr. and the African Liberation Movements. By Kenechukwu Nwosu The King-era civil rights movement coincided closely with the peak of freedom struggles on the African continent. When the Montgomery bus boycott began in December 1955, all but four African nations were under colonial rule; when King delivered his last public speech on April 3, 1968, thirty-six African countries had gained their independence. Most scholarship on King’sRead More Martin Luther King, Jr.: Effective Nonviolence the Multiple Intelligences2987 Words   |  12 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.: Effective Nonviolence the Multiple Intelligences Introduction Nonviolence can touch men where the law cannot reach them. These words, uttered by the late civil rights leader himself, were the fundamental tenet of Martin Luther King, Jr.s life. These words, though few in number, are great in power. These words, simple, plain, and concise, provide a rubric with which to investigate Martin Luther King, Jr.s creative genius and intelligence. Howard Gardner, eminentRead MoreDiversity at Disney5774 Words   |  24 PagesTV programming. Shows incorporate many ethnicities, cultures, religions, geographic locales and physical and developmental differences, reflecting the world in which today s children are growing up. For preschoolers, diversity takes the form of stories with characters who learn to value the differences they encounter in shape, size, color, gender and ability. For example, Handy Manny is a multicultural animated series centered on a Latino character that is designed to give 8 preschool viewers

Building A Good Relationship With Clients - 951 Words

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This color association has led to horrendous inequalities and maltreatment throughout history. Society’s outlook has slowly progressed, but racism still remains on many levels; hence, counselors must be equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to address their own biases or stereotypical views. Therefore, being proactive and utilizing training models like the race-related multicultural counseling competency can help counselors become more self-aware instead of just race aware. This particular model allows students to feel psychologically safe enough to shareShow MoreRelatedManaging Director Of An Innovative Publishing Business1542 Words   |  7 Pagessuccessful and strong relationships with its employees, clients and patients. The following essay will focus on the ‘4Rs of Reflection’ that has been used to develop a reflective analysis. The findings of which the analysis is based follows an interview with an experienced managing director of an innovativ e publishing business. 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Incident Management Systems Assisted free essay sample

This concept of modular system Is the key to the success of incident management because not all incidents are the same size. In other words, some incidents are big and required many people to be coordinated and managed. Law enforcement agencies play an Important role in the Incident command system. They are designated to protect areas when Is suspected terrorists or criminal activities, such as investigation, isolation of hot zones, and securing access where other first responders are performing their tasks. For example, the law enforcement agency; FEM. has and des settle and designed the equipment and personnel for different levels of explosives squads, observation aircraft such as airplanes and electric, mobile ground force teams, and special weapons and tactical (SWAT) teams. These different teams are intended to help and assist when is requests between Jurisdictions, ensuring that agencies count with the specific resource needed when a different agency request any help. These different teams are intended to help and assist when is requests between Jurisdictions, ensuring that agencies count with the specific resource needed when a different agency request any help. Incident Management Systems assisted Responders from law enforcement agencies. Law enforcement agencies which include State Police, Highway Patrols, County Sheriffs, Municipal Police and other agencies which pose officers sworn to enforce saws are those first responders that In one way or another are present on the scene when a terrorist Incident occurs. Some of these officials first responders tasks include: ;Securing the incident area or scene ;Providing emergency medical aid until help arrives ;Safeguarding personal property ;Conducting investigations ;Serving as incident commander ;Supervising scene clearance ;Assisting disabled motorists ;Directing traffic (Heron 2013).The law enforcement Jurisdiction varies over a wide area from state to state and even within a state. State Police and Highway Patrols perform duties Jurisdiction on State highways, county, and municipal Instead police have Jurisdiction off the State highway system. These two agencies have statewide coverage and many lack of many locations, law enforcement agencies receive assistance from co unty and local agencies, but sometimes overlap Jurisdiction that belong to other agencies. (Heron 2013).Law enforcement agencies are first responders when traffic incident occurs, providing 24 hours 7 days a week emergency response. Many times, at most traffic accidents, law enforcement officers have to act alone and trained to make unilateral command decisions. The nations law enforcement leadership is working trying to redirect efforts toward fighting terrorism; the Department of Justice had to design a program that assist local law enforcement to responding terrorist attack and threats. The name was COPS, which was put in service right after the attacks in September, 2001.COPS helped local law enforcement to accomplish their tasks and response to terrorism by improving data and intelligence collection and processing, drawing advantages on genealogy, contributing to the progress communication with other public safety agencies, and encouraging helping local agencies to respond to citizen fear and prepare to assist potential victims. (Heron 2013). The best successful response to terrorism implies an array of activities, many of which are dependent on intelligence gathering activities and productive partnerships with local law enforcement, CIA, and FBI among others.In the meantime each local community force remains distinct, and federal participation increases the level of coordination in activities. Chapman 2002). Local law enforcement have at their disposition a large number of tools for controlling data and intelligence such as in-field laptop computers, computer aided dispatch systems, records management systems, and geographical information systems. In contrast to 911, the number set aside purely for emergencies, 311 is for non-emergency calls to police, and for answering citizens questions. Chapman 2002). Another example of an integrated information management system used by the local level is the crime analysis workstation developed in COPS grant. Also they use the rime mapping software; this instrument can be used for traditional crime situation analysis adapted for emergency terrorist event. Under such conditions, peace officers might consult it to locate critical facilities such as fire stations and hospitals, or to provide emergency manipulation maps to all officers on patrol. Chapman 2002). Crime mapping and information management could be used to protect against terrorism situations, usually by combining law enforcement data (arrests, citations, and accidents) with non law enforcement data such as credit records and finances, ensues information, taxes, license registrations of any kind, and so on. Also included among varieties of non-law enforcement information is geographic data such as floor system, zoning, parcel or real states information. (Chapman 2002).By using such information and materials, authorities could, obtain information on companies such as plant or farm supply stores that can be utilized as potential reservoir for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, an ingredient used in many explosive devices. In case of thievery were to occur at one of these factories or facilities, this away enforcement information could be combined with the non-law enforcement information obtained earlier to track the possible use of explosive material for terrorist purpos es.On the other hand, if officials investigations track an important increase in sales of any medication at pharmacies or drug stores, this could indicate and lead that a biological attack had taken place. (Campbell, Floury 2001). The whole system of incident response in the United States has been reconfigured and retarded since September 1 1, 2001 attacks. Today, first responders, law enforcement, refreshers, medical emergency personnel, and others, are able to work together, as will agencies at all level such as at the federal, state, and local.This integration of resources will increase cooperation gathering agencies whose role in upholding public security is not recognized by the entire country. Some of these agencies are the Environmental Protection Agency and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which, along with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEM.) and the Coast Guard, are associated with and in situations involving chemical, biological, and/or nuclear shards. (Campbell, Floury 2001). References: Campbell, K. Floury, M. (2001). To Prevail: An American Strategy for the Campaign Against Terrorism. Washington, D. C. : ISIS Press. Chapman, R. (2002). COPS Innovations: A Closer Look: Local Law Enforcement Responds to Terrorism: Lessons in Prevention and Preparedness. Washington, D. C. :U. S. Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. Heron, S. (2013). The National Incident Management System. Kentucky Department of Criminal Justice Training, Richmond: Kentucky.

Updated PC Industry Essay Example

Updated PC Industry Paper Since the emergence of PCs primarily as desktops in the ass and ass, the industry has seen reduce expansion innovation, in the form of laptops, notebooks, and net books. Growth was increased by lowered prices and expanding technology and the industry roared through the early sass. 2010 saw the arrival of the pad which gained significant ground for tablets which actually have been In the PC market since the ass. In 2011 came another category of laptops called ultra books which were ultra- thin, lightweight, and high-performance. It has yet to be seen how the market will shift again In coming years based on new Innovations as well as substitutes Like marathoner. So just how competitive has the PC industry been globally over the years? The total shipments (in millions) by PC manufactures from 2000 to 2011 have increased greatly. In 2000, we saw total shipments of PCs increase from 128. MM to 352. MM in 2011. That is a 174. 2% growth over that time span. Worldwide PC revenue has increased in that same period from $251 billion in 2000 to $329 billion in 2011. With the PC industry expected to grow as new innovations and products come along, the 201 5 estimate in global revenue for the industry is around $383 billion. On the reface, these numbers look very attractive and appealing to potential competitors. But, Its Important to take In account the costs the industry Incur and how revenue and volume growth have slowed down. The PC Industry Is very price competitive. Firms and manufactures are looking for ways to lower prices and lower costs while increasing volume growth. The industry has a very low average profitability. We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By 2011, the average PC manufactures net profit margin was 5%. For example, in 2009 Hips PC business was the lowest operating business segment in the entire company. Selling at an average price of $1323. 0 per Mac, Apple gained a profit of $370. 55 for every Mac sold. Compare that to the average selling price per PC for HP of $650 with a gained profit of only $52. Even though HP sold 5 times as many PC units as Apple in IQ of 2009, Apples price discipline proved to be superior to that of HP which has led to Apple becoming one of the most valued companies. The PC industry is very competitive and cutthroat. In Just the 21st century alone we have seen the market share leader change four times. Compact led the sass market until HP acquired the company In short time after. HP led the market share In 2002 at 16%. A back and forth fight occurred over the next couple of years between HP and Dell eventually leaving HP as king of the Hill. That is of course until the most recent years have seen ten reels AT Leno. I en essences Dates company NAS a 1 % market snare as AT 2 slightly better than HP. Dell and Acre account for the other two top PC vendors as these four companies combined to make up 53. % of the worldwide shipments in 2011. China became one of the largest and fastest growing PC markets in the world. The fact that Leno has a 35% share in this market can explain its increasing presence in the world market. The Leno market share leadership doesnt come as a surprise when one looks at the statistics for PCs in-use for the main regions of the world. The sass showed North America with a slig ht lead in units of PCs in-use with just fewer than 200 million. That quickly changed in 2008 through 2011 as Asia-Pacific became the outright leader in PC units. Estimations have the Asian Pacific region to use more than 800 million units by 2015. That is more than twice the next leading region. How attractive is the PC industry? Early Years An analysis of the PC industry requires the use of Michael Porters Five Forces model o help understand the profit potential of the PC industry and how firms can position themselves to gain and sustain competitive advantage. The rule of thumb is that that stronger the forces, the lower the industrys profit potential. This makes this industry less attractive. Lets take a look at the PC industrys early years related to the first force, Threat of Entry. Threat of Entry In the early years of the PC Industry, IBM was the dominant force. The threat of entry was low at this time. But, as the combination of Windows SO and the Intel microprocessor became the standard (Winter), the threat of entry increased attracted. Vims system was relatively open and easy for producers to copy. This was seen when the thousands of manufactures built their own PCs. Capital requirements to enter were low because of the standard model. Michael Dell formed Dell in the early ass out of his dorm room. The products were also not differentiated. There were relatively little exits barriers as well. In the early years when a company wasnt profitable, it had no problem dropping out of the market as seen with the thousands of manufactures funneling only to a handful. Finally, no dominate brands or players were established yet. IBM PC like clones controlled most of the market share in the ass. For these reasons there was a moderate threat of entry. The Power of Buyers The power of the buyer in early years was moderate to high. The sass brought more knowledgeable PC consumers including individual and group buyers. One of the main buyers are corporate buyers, or buyers buying for large companies. These consumers were very price sensitive meaning they were usually looking for good deals and the lowest price. These types of buyers plus large businesses, governments, and schools buy computers in large volumes which gave them a lot of rower to Darnel on prices. Selecting costs Ana Drain loyalty to Tells Like Apple were in the early stages of being established. Also direct sale to consumer from manufactures and the white box channel became popular and increased the power or the buyer. The Power of Suppliers Suppliers to the PC industry were either those that made products with many sources or those that made products with few sources. The latter type of suppliers, producers of microprocessors and operating systems, had a high bargaining power. The two chief firms that produced these products were Intel and Microsoft, especially. Intel commanded almost 80% of the PC CPU market share. In the early years, they had a lot to say on setting prices, costs, etc. Even with emerging competitors, Intel has remained the market leader in microprocessors with a recognizable brand, economies of scale, and state of the art technology. Like Intel, Microsoft has dominated the SO market. About 85-90% of all PCs ran on some version of Windows in the late 20th century. Both Intel and Microsofts dominating presence in the early years started with MOM, but quickly shifted to the Winter era of the ass. With thousands of manufactures using these two companies mainly, its easy to see why the bargaining power of these two suppliers is so high. Substitutes were few and their product was important to the input of the buyers product. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes in the PC industry during the early years was relatively low. PCs as desktops were innovative and monumental for their time. There was nothing else quite like it. The demand for the Internet, lower prices for products, and expanding capabilities for PCs all supported the fact that threats of substitutes for he PC industry was low. With this technology and innovation being relatively new, it isnt often that substitutes start being produced in the early years. Its when the market is in the mature stage that substitutes become popular. This is seen with Smartness and other SEC today. Though, the PC industry did adapt to changes by creating new products themselves such as the emergence of laptops. Rivalry Among Competing Firms With almost every industry comes intense and cutthroat competition. Especially in the early years, companies are Jockeying for strategic position and competition advantage. From the thousands of manufactures using the cloned IBM PC emerged a select few firms who went on to be the market leaders that found a winning formula. As we will see later though, that formula may not always be profitable in the long- run. The competition is cutthroat because of the slow growth, lowering of prices, and innovation of products from certain firms. Its the competition of price that especially makes the competition in this industry so intense. PC Analysis In ten Later stages As time went on, the industry seemed to be slowing down a little bit. The decade starting in the early sasss saw a slowing volume growth, which was followed by a slowing revenue growth. As mentioned in the case, the average selling prices (ASP) of the PCs declined by a compound annual rate of 8-10% per year from the early sasss through 2005 (page 5). Most of the companies in the industry had to reduce costs in other places, most of them turning to reduced R funding to combat the tougher times. To move further in the industries age, the ASP for the PC dropped 25% in a 3- year span from 2008-2009. Http:,/. NP. N. R. N. Satanist. Mom/chart/1766/global- PC- mind gusty-continues-downward rd-trend/ This downturn forced companies to start looking outside of the box for new and improved products that would drive revenues up and get consumers once again excited for portable computers. Right around the time of the economic downturn in 2009, lightweight mini notebooks were made. They made a huge first impression, as more than 40 million notebooks sold in 2009(peg. 5). However, these notebooks didnt lead the market for too long, as in 2010 the pad was released and dramatically reduced the sale of the mini notebooks. Threats of Outside Competition During the later stages of the PC industry, the outside competition has decreased dramatically. Many of the smaller companies that were trying to succeed in the early days realized they wouldnt be able to cut it, and that is why now you only have your handful of companies that are still on top of the industry. Leno, Dell, HP, and Acre accounted for over 50% of the shipments in 2011, showing that most of the market space Is already occupied Dye ten Log cogs. Apple only NAS roughly AT ten market shares as a PC manufacturer in 2011, showing how difficult in can be. Threat of Substitutes There are many threats that have popped up when looking in the later stages of the industry. Instead of only having online capabilities on a PC,you can now browse the web on your phone, Pad, or even small gaming systems. Anything can be used to search the web, therefore making for the number of substitutes to rise. If the price of one PC is too high for a consumer, there are multiple ways of which he can accomplish what he needs. Whether you need to take notes for a class or stream a movie, almost any smart device in todays world will have the capabilities. There is definitely a rivalry between the big PC producing firms. In this cutthroat environment, everyone is trying to come out with the magic formula that will increase efficiency, lower costs, and ultimately produce a better product for the consumer. The follow the leader system seems to be in place, as companies routinely copy the past successes and try to make small adjustments to make their product rare and hard to imitate. The Power of The Buyer The buyer continues to have much power when it comes to the PC industry. Consumers know what they want as well as what price they are willing to pay. As reviewed in the substitute part, consumers can find what they need almost nowhere, so in order for a company to be profitable in this industry, it must come out with innovative items at a reasonable price that consumers feel is fair. The competitive advantages that companies create verses others are the reasons as to those companies that succeed rather than fail. Firms Profitability in the PC Industry As seen in exhibit 5 below, the main operating measures seem to be varied between the different companies. Apples gross margins have increased from 21% to 41% during the period between 1997 and 2011. However, Dell and Hips gross margins have decreased during that same time. As apple grows, the other competitors seem to be falling behind. We believe this is because of the innovation that Apple has compared to the rest of the industry. The new ideas partnered with the following of the company allow for a great combination. The PC profits grow with apple because of the brand name along Walt ten complicatedly AT ten PC Witt toner apple evolves Tanat consumers nave. Example, everything that you do on you Apple PC can be synced with you phone. Apples Other Industries MPH Players In 2001, Apple had entered the MPH market by introducing the pod as part of their haft towards a digital hub strategy. The introduction of the pod set Apple on its explosive progression in the growth of the company. The pod separated itself from other MPH players due to its sleek and simple design and large storage. The first pod has the ability to store up to 1 ,OHO songs in your pocket while the competitors products only stored about an hour of music. The next year Apple introduced the second-generation pod which had an increased storage that could hold up to 4,000 songs. Over the next several years, Apple continued to introduce new designs and products to their pod family. By partnering their innovating pod products with their exclusive tunes library and App store they have been apple to control more than 70% of the U. S. MPH market. The market for Amps is a much more attractive market compared to the PC market due to the PCs cutthroat competition. Within the PC market, Apple is in competition with four large competitors which accounted for almost 54% of shipments worldwide. These four PC vendors are Hewlett-Packard, Dell, Leno, and Acre. They all have well-established positions in the market. When Apple entered the MPH market, no competitor had strong hold. Apple was able to preferential themselves with innovative products and strategies. By producing pod accessories, pod was able to sell $1 dollar in add-on products for every $3 dollars spent on an pod. Another feature that helped Apple emerge itself to the top of the MPH market was the compatibility with Windows along with its own ISO software. This compatibility helped launch the tunes Music Store which has over 10 billion songs sold as of 2010; completely changing the way music is purchased. Although the MPH market is not as competitive as the PC market, we see less total gross sales per year as other technology materializes. Smart Phone Along with entering the MPH market, Apple had entered the smart phone market in 2007 by launching the first phone. The industry for mobile phones at the time were dominated by short life cycle products with sophisticated technology that Apple had not experienced. Although the outlook to enter the mobile phone market seemed risky, Apple was able to revolutionize the entire phone market with a differentiated product. Steve Jobs was quoted saying in January of 2007 Every once in a while a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything. Today, were introducing three revolutionary products of this class. The first one is a widespread pod with touch controls. The second is a revolutionary mobile phone. And the third is a breakthrough Internet communications device. These are not three separate devices, this is one device, and we are calling it phone. In over five quarters, the original phone had over 6 million units sold with their exclusive network operator, AT. Apple would continue to develop and introduce new versions of their phone, along with changing agreements with network operators so that the phone could expand its market capacity. Four years after the first phone was launched, the reduce attributed to 44% of Apples total revenue. Parallel to the PC industry, competitors quickly gaunt on to ten revolutionary trends AT smart phones Ana software systems. Manufacturers such as Samsung, LEG, Motorola, and ETC all created their own operating systems and designed their own hardware giving them the opportunity to be considered by consumers. In 2012, the greatest threat to the Apple in the smart phone industry was developed by Google. This threat has become known as the Android platform, a platform that is open and free for other manufacturers to use. This gave Apple competitors a chance to compete with the Apples differentiated App Store. Manufacturers, such as ETC and Samsung, were able to develop phones that were very competitive and in some aspects superior to the phone all while using the Android platform. Http://commons. Wakefield. Org/wick/File:World-Wide-Smartened-Market-Share. Pang Above is a chart showing the trends of operating system market share worldwide from 2007 to 2011. In 2007, we can see the ISO market share start to increase as the phone was introduced. Recent trends have shown that the Android operating system is increasing in market share each year since Google has developed the platform. In Quarter 3 of 2011, the android platform has climbed to roughly 53% of the market. This is due the capabilities of open and free platform able to collaborate with smart phones manufactured by Apples competitors. Over the years, the intense competition within the smartened industry has led to lawsuits based on design and intellectual properties. Steve Jobs has become one of the most aggressive Coos in terms of legal action. He is quoted in saying l will spend every penny of Apples $40 billion in the bank, to right this wrong. Im going to destroy Android, because its a stolen product. Im willing to go to thermonuclear war on this. They are scared to death, because they know they are guilty. Tablet I en Tanta revolutionary product Apple Ana producer silence ten Macintosh Is Known as the pad. The pad was another Apple innovation that had uncertainty in market demand before its launch. In 2010, when apple released the pad, an entirely trivial market had emerged into one of the most demanded technological markets. The market is referred to as the tablet market, which was led by the pad. In the first week on the market, the pad sold over 450,000 units. In February 2012, over 55 million nits of pads had been sold. Similar to the PC industry, Apple had an early Jump on competitors, but it was only a matter of time before competitors would catch on. In late 2010, Android based tablets had been introduced to the market to compete with Apples pad. Three main threats to the pad are manufacturers using Googles Android, Amazon using an open Android version, and Microsoft-based tablets. Amazons tablet had been able to grab 14% of the market by quarter 4 in 2011. Competition in the tablet market in 2012, is similar to the cutthroat competition seen in the smartened and PC industries.

MxPx essays

MxPx essays On November 26th I went to the Stone Pony in New York to see another of my favorite bands, NOFX. NOFX is a punk-ska band. Punk meaning fast paced drumbeats and quick singing and ska meaning a song played with trumpets. The band members are Fat Mike (vocals, bass), El Hefe (guitar, trumpet, vocals), Eric Melvin (guitar, vocals), and Erik Sandin (drums). The one thing I found out there was that El Hefe sings a lot. I thought he only sings in a few songs but when I heard them play, I noticed that he sang about half of the songs. NOFX music has considerable groove for a punk band and is sparked by the two lead guitarists, Eric Melvin and El Hefe. Tight play between the band's four members, and short, fast, punchy songs, with a laid back approach would even have non-punk fans entertained. Their songs talk about racism, politics, social problems, sex, drugs, lesbians, bums, alcohol, animal freedom... and many other strange subjects. In their music you will find punk, of course, but also rock, hardcore, ska, even reggae and jazz. If you ask me they are a just a punk-ska band. Their songs are interesting and different from one another. Each song has it's own characteristics. The lyrics are very interesting, sometimes strange, and sometimes incomprehensible. You basically just have to understand them in your own way. The club was packed, or more accurately, stuffed. After much anticipation the punk gods, NOFX hit the stage and the crowd surged with excitement even before they opened the set with one of my favorite songs, "Reagan Sucks." The next song they played was "Bob". They played songs from the album "Flossing a Dead Horse" - which is one massive trumpet solo presented by El Hefe. The next song they played was "Eat the Meek" with trumpet and lead vocals by El Hefe. The mosh pit was monstrous and seemed to gain in size as it rotated in circles and swallowed innocent bystanders into the craziness. People were being knocked over ever ...

Reading responese 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading responese 4 - Assignment Example The first one is human egocentrism. In fact, it follows from the title of the article itself that one of the themes deals with this very issue. The author of the article is supposed to review the Maine Lobster Festival for Gourmet magazine and its target audience and, by this, promote and advertise the festival. However, it is not his main agenda. Instead of promoting the festival, the author discusses the cruel ways of cooking a lobster in minor details, such as a discussion of sensory neurons of these crustaceans. In this regard, Wallace refers to people’s reasoning that they have a right to eat lobsters because the latter are much more primitive creatures. In addition to this, the author of the piece touches upon the notion of tourism, explores its essence and its influence on people engaged in this activity. More specifically, he claims that a person gains nothing from it and that the more people travel to a particular place the more this place is ruined by these people. I n other words, Wallace believes that tourism has nothing to do with knowledge and learning more about the world and self. One of the most notable things about Wallace’s piece under discussion is his use of footnotes. In fact, he changes this feature of academic writing into something more alive, meaningful and sense-bearing. Some of the foot notes do perform their initial, main task, which is to explain and comment a certain part of the text above it, such as the first one. However, the majority of them are designated to perform other tasks. Wallace’s footnotes are essential to the story and reader’s understating of its tone and intentions of the author. They are the actual pieces of the text in which he doubts, criticizes and even asks questions. In fact, sometimes it even seems that it is not the text of the short story itself but the footnotes that contain the author’s main point on the issue. They are like a playwright’s remarks in a play that does not interfere

IDEAL READING PROGRAM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IDEAL READING PROGRAM - Essay Example It requires practice, and it is through reading that people are able to write and communicate verbally. 1. Phonemic Awareness and Language Acquisition It facilitates concentration (hearing, identifying, and usage) and this brings about understanding concepts in speech language and writing. The topic focuses on understanding key terms as used in definitions, knowing what they mean and using them accordingly. Language use is more than just talking; it is about understanding the definitions and ways they relate to speech. It concentrates on sensitivity of sounds as used in words (Gillon, 2012). Apart from focusing on the smallest units of sounds, it also focuses on larger units such as rimes and syllables. Its relation to â€Å"put reading first† is that in following this rule, children are taught about blending and segmentation. They also learn about the sounds and how they relate to the spoken words. Individual sounds in spoken language are called phonemes (Gillon, 2012). This is where the teacher says a word phoneme by phoneme, which students repeat in sequence. Segmentation involves a teacher saying a word, and students dividing the words into phonemes. They learn about rhythm (Armbruster, Lehr, & Osborn, 2001). Effectiveness Learning phonemic awareness and language acquisition is important to first grade students since it enables them to develop communication skills that they used throughout their stay in school. It helps learns to gain knowledge of expertise that makes them to be professional. Most of the first grade students do not know the basic communication skills and the proper use of sounds in words they use. Learning phonemics enables students to become sensitive, attentive and more aware of speech. 2. Phonics It facilitates better reading and writing language skills. Phonics enhances phonemic awareness in that with the ability to hear, identify, and use basic units of language, students can be able to read and write appropriately. It combines sound and spelling and teaches the relation between the two. It uses the alphabetic principle where the sounds of letters and the letters themselves are related with each other. Word reading becomes enhanced since there is the use of both sound and their relation to the letters (Villaume & Brabham, 2003). Its relation to â€Å"put reading first† is that in following this guideline, there is the learning of how sound of spoken language and letters of written language relate. Children are taught this relation from an early age. The use of this is that children are able to recognize and identify words quickly and instantly. Word study instruction involves phonics instruction and is a major in-text feature that enables grown-up children to acquire knowledge on phonics and use it in reading and writing. They learn about prefixes, suffixes, and word roots that they use while reading and writing. There is also the learning of rapid word recognition, and this helps children in gettin g the real purpose of reading (Armbruster, Lehr, & Osborn, 2001). Effectiveness Learning phonics in the first grade creates the foundation based on teaching students to read, relate, and write. It ensures that students pick up from non-effective reading to effective reading. Students are able to become more confident and composed. It also helps in ensuring that students write meaningful work, and also brings students closer to being fluent, able to use vocabulary appropriately and understand comprehensions (Armbruster,

Sociology of Law: Theories and Concepts

Sociology of Law: Theories and Concepts Introduction The three classical thinkers of Sociology, Marx, Weber and Durkheim have one thing in common regarding the Sociology of Law; their theories were part and parcel of a more fundamental sociological perspective and theory of society. Marx will be the odd one among the three because, the work of Marx is on theoretical ground not evidently connected to the aspirations of sociology, but historically Marxs writings have informed a considerable body of sociological writings until this day. Marx made a contribution to social science by suggesting the instrumentalist theory of law in contributing to and justifying social inequality. Durkheims work orients around the key dimensions of social issues as involving both factual and normative dimensions of society. Whereas Weber is considered as the founding father par excellence of the modern sociology of law. When Weber observed that social life in the modern era had become more and more rationalized in a purposive-rational sense, he no only conte mplated the central role of economy, stat, and bureaucracy, but along with it also discussed the role of law as the basis of modern political authority. Weber specifically outlined the characteristics of a formally rationalized legal system that is primarily guided by the application of procedure. Sociology of Law The sociology of law is often described as a sub-discipline of sociology or an interdisciplinary approach within legal studies. While some socio-legal scholars see the sociology of law as necessarily belonging to the discipline of sociology, others see it as a field of research caught up in the disciplinary tensions and competitions between the two established disciplines of law and sociology. Yet, others regard it neither as a sub-discipline of sociology nor as a branch of legal studies and, instead, present it as a field of research on its own right within a broader social science tradition. For example, Roger Cotterrell describes the sociology of law without reference to mainstream sociology as the systematic, theoretically grounded, empirical study of law as a set of social practices or as an aspect or field of social experience. Irrespective of whether the sociology of law is defined as a sub-discipline of sociology, an approach within legal studies, or a field of research in its own right, it remains intellectually dependent mainly on mainstream sociology, and to lesser extent on other social sciences such as social anthropology, political science, social policy, criminology and psychology, i.e. it draws on social theories and employs social scientific methods to study law, legal institutions and legal behaviour. More specifically, the sociology of law consists of various sociological approaches to the study of law in society, which empirically examines and theorizes the interaction between law and legal institutions, on the one hand, and other (non-legal) social institutions and social factors, on the other. Areas of socio-legal inquiry include the social development of legal institutions, forms of social control, legal regulation, the interaction between legal cultures, the social construction of legal issues, legal profession, and the relation between law and social change. The sociology of law also benefits from and occasionally draws on research conducted within other fields such as comparative law, critical legal studies, jurisprudence, legal theory, law and economics and law and literature. The Classical Thinkers The roots of the sociology of law can be traced back to the works of sociologists and jurists of the turn of the previous century. The relationship between law and society was sociologically explored in the seminal works of both Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. The works of Karl Marx was not immediately influential in the development of the sociology of law as no direct historical path led from his thought to subsequent sociological schools of thought. Marxs work was later appropriated by critical sociologists who sought to break with the consensual thinking that they felt characterized much of mainstream sociology in the years after World War II. The writings on law by these classical sociologists are foundational to the entire sociology of law today. A number of other scholars, mainly jurists, also employed social scientific theories and methods in an attempt to develop sociological theories of law. Notably among these were Leon Petrazycki, Eugen Ehrlich and Georges Gurvitch. Marxs theory is not to be understood merely as a theory of the economy, for his analysis of capitalism is meant to provide the basis for an analysis of society. The economic organization of society is its material core from which all other social developments in matters of politics, culture, and law can be explained. This is summarized in Marxs famous dictum that the infrastructure of a society determines it superstructure. Thus, the division between the economic classes of owners and non-owners appears at the societal level as a class antagonism between the relatively small but powerful bourgeoisie and the relatively large but powerless proletariat. The bourgeoisie can articulate its economic power also at the political, cultural, and legal level because of its control over all important institutions of society, such as government, the legal system, art science, and education. The economic, according to Marx, only the destruction of capitalism in favor of a communist mode of product ion, whereby the workers collectively own and control the means of production, world ensure a successful revolution of society in to a more just social order. Marx did not develop a comprehensive perspective on law and his ideas on law are scattered throughout his writings. Marxs theory of the state provides the most useful entry into his perspective on law. Congruent with his materialist perspective, Marx asserts that the economic conditions of society determine what type of state will develop, which in a capitalist society implies that the state will be controlled by the bourgeoisie as an instrument to secure economic rights and to moderate class conflict. For him the capitalist state represents and secures the power of the dominant economic class which now also becomes the politically dominant class. Interestingly, Marx argues that the democratic republic, rather than being a more egalitarian form of the capitalistic state, for it totally disregards the property distinction that have arisen under capitalism. Marxs notion on law is instrumentalist, similar to that of his notion of state. He views the legal system in function of its role as an instrument of control serving bourgeois interests. Rather than abiding by a principle of the rule of law that holds that it is just for the law to be applied equally and fairly to all, Marx maintains that capitalist law actually enhances the conditions of inequality that mark capitalist society. Marx contends that the capitalist legal system contributes to inequality because capitalist law establishes and applies individualized rights of freedom, which benefit those who own while disfavoring those who are without property. The formal equality that is granted in law by treating the various parties that are in contract with one another or with the state as equal contributes to sustain and develop the economic inequalities that exist among legal subjects. Legal doctrine justifies the practices of capitalist law on the basis of a notion of justice claime d to be universally valid but which in actuality serves the interests of only the dominant economic class. The ideology of capitalist law is ultimately accepted widely even among those members of society who are economically disadvantaged and thus additionally subject to the inequalities brought about by the legal system. For Max Weber, a so-called legal rational form as a type of domination within society, is not attributable to people but to abstract norms. He understood the body of coherent and calculable law in terms of a rational-legal authority. Such coherent and calculable law formed a precondition for modern political developments and the modern bureaucratic state and developed in parallel with the growth of capitalism. Central to the development of modern law is the formal rationalisation of law on the basis of general procedures that are applied equally and fairly to all. Weber specifically outlined the characteristics of a formally rationalized legal system that is primarily guided by the application of procedures. His analysis of law is an intrinsic part of his sociology, in terms of both its perspective of the study of society and its theoretical propositions on the conditions of modern society. Modern rationalised law is also codified and impersonal in its application to specific cases. In general, Webers standpoint can be described as an external approach to law that studies the empirical characteristics of law, as opposed to the internal perspective of the legal sciences and the moral approach of the philosophy of law. Weber developed his perspective on law as part of a more general sociology. In the systematic nature and comprehensive scope of its contribution, Webers analysis is rivaled only by that of Emile Durkheim, whose sociology of law was likewise part and parcel of a more fundamental sociological perspective and theory of society. Emile Durkheim wrote in The Division of Labour in Society, that as society becomes more complex, the body of civil law concerned primarily with restitution and compensation grows at the expense of criminal laws and penal sanctions. Over time, law has undergone a transformation from repressive law to restitutive law. Restitutive law operates in societies in which there is a high degree of individual variation and emphasis on personal rights and responsibilities. For Durkheim, law is an indicator of the mode of integration of a society, which can be mechanical, among identical parts, or organic, among differentiated parts such as in industrialized societies. Durkheim also argued that a sociology of law should be developed alongside, and in close connection with, a sociology of morals, studying the development of value systems reflected in law. At sociologys heart is a concern for morality. For Durkheim, society cannot exist without moral bonds, whether these are bonds of shared belief or of mutual commitment reflecting the interdependence of individuals or social groups. Moral ideas are neither innate in the individual nor to be deduced from abstract first principles. They are inspired by the empirical conditions of social lie in particular times and places. To understand those conditions and the forces that shape social development is rationally to appreciate moralitys demands. Morality provides the normative framework of stable social relationships. In modern society these relationships are primarily domestic, economic and occupational and political relationship of citizenship. Morality expresses the requirements of living together in particular environments; the domain of the moral begins where the domain of the social begins (Durkheim, 1961:60). For Durkheim, Moral ideas are the soul (lame) of the law(1909:150). Law ex presses what is fundamental in any societys morality. So the study of law like that of morality is central to sociology. Conclusion Among the three classic thinkers Marx did not focus on law to any degree of intellectual satisfaction, while the sociological contributions of Weber and Durkheim are not only influential but foundational to the sociology of law.

The Legitimate Authority Theory Essay -- social influence, authority, a

Obedience is a form of social influence in which a person yields to explicit instructions or orders from an authority figure. Already at an early age we are taught to obey authority figures within our social groups through influences such as parents, teachers or even religious establishments. The Agency Theory (Milgram 1963) supports the idea that a person will obey the Authority figure and work as an agent for this authority figure under the implied possibility of there being no consequences to their actions as either the authority figure will take on no liability or said authority figure has justified these action therefore they are acceptable. The strongest evidence supporting this theory was gained after researching WW2 German soldiers who were stationed at the labor and death camps. When asked why they committed these atrocities they simply responded â€Å"we were ordered to do this† (Mike Haralambos et al (2002) Psychology in Focus A Level). The Legitimate Authority theory (Milgram 1963) strongly links into the Agency theory. As stated beforehand one must recognize an individual or a collective of individuals as authority figures before acting on their behalf. This theory suggests that we obey those seen as authority figures as were are taught to do so from an early age. A legitimate authority figure can be individuals or organizations such as the government, the boss at work, a police officer or as demonstrated in Milgram’s study (1963) a scientist. The Gradual Commitment theory (Milgram 1963) expounds that an individual will willingly perform seemingly harmless, trivial tasks. Milgram’s participants were encouraged to obey the experimenter by the gradual steps they were directed to take. This was accomplished with increasi... ...rying out the orders. They were not supposed to take instructions by phone, let alone exceed the allowed dose. Works Cited Eysenck, M. and Flanagan, C. (2000) Psychology for AS level, Hove, Psychology Press Cox, E. (2008) AS Psychology, London, Philip Allan Updates Page 206 Mike Haralambos et al (2002) Psychology in Focus A Level, The Bath Press Page 144 The following studies were taken from this book: Hofling (1966) http://www.psychology4a.com/Social%20influence.htm November 11, 2013 http://aspsychologyblackpoolsixth.weebly.com/obedience.htmlNovember 11, 2013 http://aspsychology101.wordpress.com/social-psychology/November 11, 2013 http://atheism.about.com/od/warandmorality/a/jusadbellum_3.htmNovember 11, 2013 Coralie et.al 2013 www.coraliethirietpsychology.wordpress.com/2013/03/01/obedience-experiment-coralie-medisa-zahra-bryony-and-jesse/ 13 November 2013

How Do Gangs Affect Adolescent Behavior?

Since the early 1920s, researchers have closely studied the relations between the street gangs and violent crime froma variety of perspectives: criminological, sociological and psychological (Thomas, 2008). Whatever the underlying causes for gang membership, the resuls seems clear; members of street gangs admit to a far greater rate of serious crime, and to far more severe acts of of the same age, race, and socioeconomic background (Penly Hall, Thornberry & Lizotte, 2006) than non-gang members of the same age, race, and socioeconomic background (Battin-Pearson, Thornberry, Hawkins & Krohn, 1998).According to the Web site safetyouth. org (n. d. ) gang violence is certainly a cause for concern: Gang members are responsible for much of the serious violence in the United States . . . Teens that are gang members are much more likely than other teens to commit serious and violence crimes. For example, a survey in Denver found that while only 14% of teens were gang members, they were respon sible for committing 89% of the serious violent crimes. (n. p. ) Many researchers have come to the conclusion that gangs necessarily cause violence and deviant behavior.As a matter of policy then, it seems clear that the solution of a number of social ills is to break up, disrupt, or prevent the formations of gangs (Battin-Pearson, et al. , 1998). Yet, is this the solution? As George Thomas (2008) states, â€Å"The problem is complex, so the solutions cannot be complex† (p. 88). So what is the solution? According to the U. S. Department of Education (n. d. ), all factors of age, race, and socioeconomic background must be taken into consideration . . .

William Shakespeare s Julius Caesar Essay - 1609 Words

The topic of leadership in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar has been discussed and argued ever since the play was written. The most prevalent discussion of leadership in the play revolves around Shakespeare’s tragic hero, Marcus Brutus, and the cause of his downfall. According to Shakespeare critic James Bundy, â€Å"Brutus... is a man whose affections sway more than his reason, in whom there is this tragic confederacy of passion and imagination against reason† (qtd. in Palmer 402). Ernest Shanzer, however, says that Brutus is â€Å"by no means devoid of political shrewdness and practical wisdom†, but he is a â€Å"bad judge of character† (Shanzer 1). Although both critics’ descriptions of Brutus have merit, Brutus’ shortcoming, as well as the success of the opposing leader, Mark Antony, is more accurately explained using the observations of Niccolo Machiavelli in The Prince. In this book Machiavelli outlines the characteristics of a s uccessful leader. When using The Prince as a lens to read Julius Caesar, the correlation between a leader’s Machiavellianism and their success becomes very apparent. Marcus Brutus is undoubtedly an honorable and respectable man, but his morality prevents him from adhering to Machiavelli’s principles. Due to his lack of princely virtues, Brutus is doomed to fail, while Antony, a much more Machiavellian prince, successfully seizes power. Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince is one of the most respected documents in existence regarding power, and for goodShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1082 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Et tu, Brutà ©? Then fall Caesar† (III.i 179). The fatal stabs of the conspirators did not kill the all-mighty Julius Caesar, for the sharp butcher of Brutus pierced his heart and condemned his life to cessation. This dramatic, mood changing affair serves as the pivotal platform in William Shakespeare’s, Julius Caesar. 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